Journal: Polymers

Article Title: Engineering Additive Manufacturing and Molding Techniques to Create Lifelike Willis’ Circle Simulators with Aneurysms for Training Neurosurgeons

doi: 10.3390/polym12122901

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( a ) The two outer (clamshell) molds fabricated using a commercial 3D printer (Objet30 Dental Prime, Stratasys) with a biocompatible material (MED 610, Stratasys); ( b ) the inner wax mold fabricated using a commercial 3D printer (Projet 3500 CPX Max, 3D Systems) with a wax material (Visijet Hi-Cast, 3D Systems); ( c ) PDMS was slowly injected into the gap between the molds until the gap was completely filled; ( d ) the PDMS casting (with inner mold still intact) following removal of the outer molds; ( e ) dissolution of the inner wax mold was facilitated using ultrasonication, as reported previously ; ( f ) the resulting Circle of Willis with major corresponding arteries.

Article Snippet: The five fabrication methods were as follows: (1) Tube 1 was created using the methods described previously in this paper; (2) Tube 2 was created using a fused deposition modeling (FDM) printer followed by solvent evaporation polishing [ ]; (3) Tube 3 was also created using an FDM printer, but without solvent evaporation polishing [ ]; (4) Tube 4 was created using a commercial 3D printer (Form 3, formlabs, Somerville, Massachusetts, United States); (5) Tube 5 was created using a different commercial 3D printer (J750/J735, Stratasys, Eden Prairie, Min, USA).

Techniques: Injection, Dissolution

Journal: Polymers

Article Title: Engineering Additive Manufacturing and Molding Techniques to Create Lifelike Willis’ Circle Simulators with Aneurysms for Training Neurosurgeons

doi: 10.3390/polym12122901

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( a ) The overall 3D-printed skull; ( b ) how a piece of cranium located on the right side of the forehead can be removed to simulate a craniotomy.

Article Snippet: The five fabrication methods were as follows: (1) Tube 1 was created using the methods described previously in this paper; (2) Tube 2 was created using a fused deposition modeling (FDM) printer followed by solvent evaporation polishing [ ]; (3) Tube 3 was also created using an FDM printer, but without solvent evaporation polishing [ ]; (4) Tube 4 was created using a commercial 3D printer (Form 3, formlabs, Somerville, Massachusetts, United States); (5) Tube 5 was created using a different commercial 3D printer (J750/J735, Stratasys, Eden Prairie, Min, USA).

Techniques:

Journal: Polymers

Article Title: Engineering Additive Manufacturing and Molding Techniques to Create Lifelike Willis’ Circle Simulators with Aneurysms for Training Neurosurgeons

doi: 10.3390/polym12122901

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( a ) A mold of the left frontal lobe printed using a 3D printer (Fortus 360mc, Stratasys); ( b , c ) the acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) mold was fixed within a transparent box into which silicon was poured to create a cast; ( d ) the ABS mold was sliced open using a knife and then peeled back to remove the ABS mold; ( e ) a mixture of pink jelly was poured into the cavity; ( f ) a realistic model of the frontal lobe was created.

Article Snippet: The five fabrication methods were as follows: (1) Tube 1 was created using the methods described previously in this paper; (2) Tube 2 was created using a fused deposition modeling (FDM) printer followed by solvent evaporation polishing [ ]; (3) Tube 3 was also created using an FDM printer, but without solvent evaporation polishing [ ]; (4) Tube 4 was created using a commercial 3D printer (Form 3, formlabs, Somerville, Massachusetts, United States); (5) Tube 5 was created using a different commercial 3D printer (J750/J735, Stratasys, Eden Prairie, Min, USA).

Techniques:

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: Novel Biodegradable 3D-Printed Analgesics-Eluting-Nanofibers Incorporated Nuss Bars for Therapy of Pectus Excaratum

doi: 10.3390/ijms23042265

Figure Lengend Snippet: In vitro molecular weight variations of polylactic acid (PLA) Nuss bars. (*, p < 0.05).

Article Snippet: The degradable Nuss bars were prepared using a fused deposition modeling (FDM) printing method for commercial PLA filaments (weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 110,000 g/mol, Prolink Microsystems Corp., Taipei, Taiwan) on a 3D printer.

Techniques: In Vitro, Molecular Weight

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: Novel Biodegradable 3D-Printed Analgesics-Eluting-Nanofibers Incorporated Nuss Bars for Therapy of Pectus Excaratum

doi: 10.3390/ijms23042265

Figure Lengend Snippet: In vivo molecular weight variations of PLA Nuss bars. (*, p < 0.05).

Article Snippet: The degradable Nuss bars were prepared using a fused deposition modeling (FDM) printing method for commercial PLA filaments (weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 110,000 g/mol, Prolink Microsystems Corp., Taipei, Taiwan) on a 3D printer.

Techniques: In Vivo, Molecular Weight